Tourism and Impacts of the Waterfront Development: The Case of Manado Waterfront Development, Indonesia

Lagarense, Bet El Silisna and Walansendow, Agustinus (2013) Tourism and Impacts of the Waterfront Development: The Case of Manado Waterfront Development, Indonesia. World Conference on Hospitality, Tourism and Event Research. pp. 810-825.

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Abstract

Waterfront development and redevelopment have been increasingly used to create a centre for business, leisure and lifestyle that can strengthen the local community and economy. Manado Waterfront Development (MWD) has been controversial and a much disputed subject within the regional economic development of North Sulawesi. This research explores how and why waterfront development has made negative impacts and at the same time has made a significant contribution economically and socially. This research involved a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research techniques. Fieldwork comprising questionnaire surveys, interviews and on-site observations were used to provide evidences of waterfront development in Manado. The questionnaire surveys were coded and analyzed using The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). It was used to calculate descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and means; to generate cross-tabulations; and to prepare graphs. Likert scales were used in the questionnaire, with possible scores from 1 to 3, and 1 to 5, to generate numerical indicators of the level of importance that respondents attached to their responses. Observational data were also recorded for this research and was used to document the physical setting and the developments that had occurred up to the time that the study was undertaken. This research confirms the crucial position of Manado waterfront in the city’s tourism planning from social, environmental and economic perspectives. Additionally, MWD has been widely perceived as an economic initiative that may improve the quality of life through the provision of employment opportunities, economic diversity, tax revenues, and business opportunities for festivals, restaurants, natural and cultural attractions and outdoor recreation both for the city residents and visitors. However, the study findings also underline the serious concerns that can undermine the quality of life in the form of crowding, traffic congestion, parking problems, increased crime, increased land prices in surrounding areas and increased costs of living. This research concludes that the main purposes of MWD is to create socio-economic advantages both for city residents and the region in which the city is located. MWD has greatly influenced the coastal areas and environmental modification is unavoidable. In the case of Manado, waterfront development is being achieved at considerable environmental costs. As a consequence, there is an urgent need to take a more integrated approach to the waterfront development to strengthen a broad range of economic and social outcomes and to protect the environment.

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